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OCBC金融服务英语09

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English for Finance – 02

货币的三种特性

In the earliest days, for example in ancient1 Babylon, measures of wheat2 were the money commodity. People would exchange other goods and services firstly by exchanging quantities of wheat. And eventually it was worked out by the Babylonian priests that they could hold the wheat in a central store and then simply keep records of who owned the wheat. And rather than physically moving the wheat around, eventually we had a primitive system – quite advanced by the terms of the day – of record keeping. We had ledgers.

古时候，比如在古巴比伦，小麦被当作实物货币使用。人们在交换其它货物和服务之前先要
交换一定数量的小麦。后来巴比伦的祭司们发现，他们可以把小麦保存在一个中心仓库中，然后只需要记录下谁拥有这些小麦就可以了。这样就用不着把小麦搬来搬去了，于是我们就有了在当时条件下很先进的原始簿记制度，也就是分户账。

So even though the problem of portability was solved, a further one was still present, that of durability. Because wheat perishes over time, it’s not a good store of value.

What are good stores of value, of course, are precious metals such as gold and silver. It’s not difficult to see why these became a form of money, but in their earliest forms, they were not easily divisible.

You didn’t always have the precise amount, or you couldn’t get change. So divisibility is a key property of money.

尽管可携带的问题解决了，进一步的问题仍然存在，也就是持久性的问题。因为小麦随着时间的推移会腐烂，它不是好的价值储存手段。

好的价值储存手段当然是贵重金属，比如金银。因此很容易理解为什么它们会成为一种货币。但是在它们最初的形态，它们并不容易被分割。

你不会总带有确切的钱数，或者你无法获得找零。因此可分性是货币的一个重要特性。

重点词汇

1、 portability 可携带性
2、 durability 持久性
3、 divisibility 可分性
4、 money commodity 商品货币，实物货币
5、 primitive system of record keeping 原始簿记制度
6、 ledger 分户账

生词

  1. ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ adjective
     belonging to a period of history that is thousands of years in the past
    古代的 ↩︎
  2. wheat /wiːt/ noun
    [uncountable]
    a plant grown for its grain that is used to produce the flour for bread, cakes, pasta, etc.; the grain of this plant
    小麦；小麦粒 ↩︎

usage和utilization

01. usage /ˈjuːzɪdʒ/ noun
[uncountable] the fact of something being used; how much something is used
使用；利用；利用率

02. utilization /ˌjuːtəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ noun
(British English also utilisation)
[uncountable] (formal)
the relationship between the amount that a factory, etc. produces and the amount that it is designed to produce
利用率1
the act of using something, especially for a practical purpose
利用；使用

Elevate2 Your English with ChatGPT

“usage”和“utilization”都可以表示“使用量”，但它们在具体含义和使用场合上有所不同。

1. Usage

  • 含义: “Usage” 更加关注“使用”的方式和频率。它指的是某物被使用的情况、模式或频率，而不仅仅是数量。
  • 场合: 常用于描述一般性的使用情况，特别是在谈论某种资源、语言、服务、或设备的使用方式和习惯时。
  • 例子:
    • “Internet usage has increased dramatically over the past decade.”（过去十年间，互联网的使用量大幅增加。）
    • “Language usage varies across different regions.”（语言的使用方式在不同地区有所不同。）

2. Utilization

  • 含义: “Utilization” 更加具体，指的是某物被实际使用的比例或程度，通常与其潜力或总容量相比。它更强调资源的有效使用率。
  • 场合: 常用于技术或商业领域，特别是当谈论设备、机器、劳动、时间等资源的效率时。
  • 例子:
    • “The utilization of the new machine is only at 70% of its full capacity.”（新机器的使用率只有其满负荷的70%。）
    • “Utilization of office space has increased since the renovation.”（自从装修后，办公室空间的使用率提高了。）

总结

  • Usage 侧重于使用方式和频率，较为宽泛。
  • Utilization 侧重于使用的效率和程度，通常带有与总容量或潜力对比的含义。

在某些情况下，两者可能可以互换使用，但通常 “utilization” 更具技术性或量化意义，而 “usage” 更加通用。

  1. 此条释义来自商务英语词典。 ↩︎
  2. elevate /ˈelɪveɪt/ verb
    (formal) to give somebody/something a higher position or rank, often more important than they deserve
    提拔，晋升，提升（到不应有的位置） ↩︎

OCBC金融服务英语08

We refer to your mail on 20 August 2024.
我们参阅了您于2024年8月20日的邮件。

We note S$4.31 was refunded on 21 August 2024 to your 360 Accoutn.
我们注意到S$4.31已于2024年8月21日退还至您的360账户。

We trust your queries was resolved.
我们相信您的疑问已经得到解决。

If you have further questions, please feel free to email us or contat our Personal Banking hotline at the number listed on OCBC website > Contact Us.
如果您有其他问题，请随时通过邮件与我们联系，或拨打OCBC网站 > 联系我们 页面上列出的个人银行热线号码联系我们。

Thank you for banking with us. we look forward to serving you agin.
感谢您选择我们的银行服务。我们期待再次为您服务。

Yours sincerely
此致

Nur Ilyana
Customer Service Executive
客户服务主管
Contact Centre
OCBC

OCBC金融服务英语07

交易通知

Dear Valued Customer
尊敬的客户
As you instructed, we have made the following UnionPay payment:
按照您的指示，我们已完成以下银联支付：

Payment date : 20/08/2024 20:06:11
支付日期：2024年8月20日 20:06:11
Amount : SGD4.31 (CNY23.00)
金额：新加坡元4.31 (人民币23.00)
From your account :
To : MC DONALD’S RESTAURANT
Reference number :
参考号码：
If you have any questions, please call us at 1800 363 3333 (or +65 6363 3333 from overseas).
如果您有任何问题，请致电 1800 363 3333（或从海外拨打 +65 6363 3333）联系我们。
Thank you for banking with us. We look forward to serving you again.
感谢您选择我们的银行服务。我们期待再次为您服务。

Yours sincerely
Digital Business
Global Consumer Financial Services
OCBC

Do allow us to warn you against phishing attempts involving e-mails that claim to be from OCBC. We will not send you any emails with links requesting your Access Code, PIN or One-time Password. Enter your login credentials only into the OCBC Digital app or after accessing the OCBC website (always type out the URL to do this).
请允许我们提醒您提防钓鱼邮件，这些邮件可能伪装成来自华侨银行的通信。我们不会发送任何包含链接的邮件，要求您提供访问码、密码或一次性密码。请仅在OCBC Digital应用程序或通过手动输入OCBC网站的URL后输入您的登录凭据。

申请退款

Hello, I had a transaction on August 20, 2024, using China UnionPay. The transaction amount was SGD 4.31 (CNY 23.00) at a McDonald’s self-service kiosk. The payment was successfully deducted, but the transaction failed. Can this amount be refunded?

OCBC金融服务英语06

Money Lock：Protect your funds and Time Deposit accounts from scams.
资金锁定：保护您的资金和定期存款账户免受诈骗。

Protect your funds: Lock funds that are in excess of what you need for regular or budgeted expenses. Your locked funds still count towards the account balance for the purposes of earning interest.
保护您的资金： 锁定超出您日常或预算支出所需的资金。锁定的资金仍然计入账户余额，用于计算利息。

Secure your Time Deposits: Lock your Time Deposit account to protect your placements (i.e. existing ones and those made in the future) from scams.
保障您的定期存款： 锁定您的定期存款账户，以保护您现有和未来的存款免受诈骗。

OCBC金融服务英语04

An account for your basic trading needs.
适合您基本交易需求的账户。

Easy Invest
易于投资
Invest and bank on a single platform.
在单一平台上进行投资和银行业务。

Global markets
全球市场
Trade stocks, bonds, ETFs, and warrants on 15 exchanges.
在15个交易所交易股票、债券、ETF和认股权证。

Local resources
本地资源
Access exclusive research and market views by our investment experts.
获取我们投资专家的独家研究和市场观点。

Fast Approval
快速审批
Start trading in one day.
一天内即可开始交易。

Important notices:
重要通知
We are unable to support Australian and US, Tax Residents in their trading in their respective markets. The Online Equities Account is trading account which is linked to a sub-account with OCBC Securities. Your SGX-listed shares will be held in this sub-account.
我们无法支持澳大利亚和美国的税务居民在其各自市场进行交易。在线股票账户是一个与OCBC证券子账户链接的交易账户。您在新交所上市的股票将保存在此子账户中。